The objective of this work was to identify the etiological agents of mastitis and its prevalence in the dairy herd of Presidente Figueiredo, observing risk factors and performing a acteriological examination. A total of 77 samples were collected from 147 cows from four dairy herds, with loss of 15 mammary quarters of the 588 examined. Five animals presented clinical mastitis and 69 animals (46.94%), a reaction to CMT, with 153 positive rooms to the test. The isolated genera were Staphylococcus spp (55.10%), Streptococcus spp (30.61%), Corynebacterium spp (6.12%), and Gram-negative (8.16%). Risk factors are linked to the breeding and hygiene system, as well as prevalence, antibiotic resistance and poor hygiene habits

The aim of this study was to d the sanitary quality of the seeds of Cedrela odorata L. and Ormosia excelsa Spruce ex Benth and to evaluate the fungi transmission through seeds. Blotter test and plating in Potato-Dextrose-Agar (BDA) culture medium were used. The genus Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp., Corynespora sp., Rhizopus sp, and Cladosporium sp. were associated with seeds. A transmission was detected for O. excelsa seedlings of the genus Fusarium sp., A. flavus and Cladospoirum sp

Contamination of the raw semen with urine can result in irreversible damage to the semen. The sensitivity of spermatozoa to osmotic damage differs markedly between species. Urospermia has been associated with intermittent subfertility and infertility in the horse. The cause may involve failure of the bladder sphincter occlusion and a functional disorder in the components of the autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system that control urination, erection, and ejaculation. Few studies have been done reporting the effects of urospermia on changes in pH, osmolality and motility of equine semen, but it has been reported in the literature that a urospermic condition leading to a hyperosmolar solution is detrimental to sperm motility in horses

Contagious ecthyma is a severe and proliferative viral disease affecting ovine and caprine species, and eventually men, caused by the contagious ecthyma virus (ECV) of the Parapoxvirus genus. The disease is spread worldwide, including in Brazil, where in the state of Pernambuco, due to its endemicity, can be mistaken by other vesicular diseases such as the Foot and mouth Disease, which requires its diagnostic differentiation. Meanwhile, the control of the infection in endemic regions is limited due to the difficulties in replicating the virus in cell cultures, for the development of vaccines

The paper presents the history of the construction of quality cocoa markets in Brazil (top, fine, organic and sustainable) between the years 1942 to 2012 with the aim of identifying who are the actors, organizations and practices present in the process historic building markets. The methodology used was based on bibliographic and documentary research and was held in the period from 2011 to 2013. The results indicate the need for professional training, the establishment of cooperation networks between the actors of the supply chain and the demand for policies, programs and projects governmental and non-governmental organizations to support the scope of the conditions for access of producers to the quality of cocoa beans markets

The objective of this work was to identify the etiological agents of mastitis and its prevalence in the dairy herd of Presidente Figueiredo, observing risk factors and performing a acteriological examination. A total of 77 samples were collected from 147 cows from four dairy herds, with loss of 15 mammary quarters of the 588 examined. Five animals presented clinical mastitis and 69 animals (46.94%), a reaction to CMT, with 153 positive rooms to the test. The isolated genera were Staphylococcus spp (55.10%), Streptococcus spp (30.61%), Corynebacterium spp (6.12%), and Gram-negative (8.16%). Risk factors are linked to the breeding and hygiene system, as well as prevalence, antibiotic resistance and poor hygiene habits

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production, composition and sensory characteristics of dairy goat milk fed diets containing extruded food-based castor meal (EFCM). The average values of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) were affected (P <0.05), and the concentration of the butyric acid content in fatty acids (C4: 0) and caprylic (C8: 0) were affected (P <0.05) when compared to the control treatment. For the atherogenicity index (IA) showed a significant effect (P <0.05), demonstrating best results in 33% replacement level. The variables characteristic odor, strange odor, characteristic taste, strange taste, rancid flavor, sweet taste and overall acceptability were affected (P<0.05), with averages of 3.24, 2.88, 5.20, 3, 86, 3.49, 4.10 and 4.36% respectively. The (EFCM) can replace soybean meal up to 33% in the diet of lactating goats without causing damage to production, physical and chemical composition, fatty acid profile of milk and their sensory qualities, then being an alternative power source for lactating goats

Strawberry culture is one of the most difficult when it comes to the biological control of fungi. The use of plant extracts as an alternative control to minimize the incidence of persistent fungi in crops or planting areas has been researched in recent years, in the search for more natural control and less harmful to the environment and human health. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of the extracts of the plants, losna (Artemisia absinthium L.), arruda (Ruta graveolens L.), pimento-longa (Piper aduncum L.) on the biological control of the fungus Botrytis cinerea. The extracts were prepared by extracting the crude extract of the plants, diluted in ethanol-based solvents, dosed at 0 (control or control), 25g.L-1, 50g.L-1, 100g.L-1, 12 treatments, 5 replicates and 10 plants. Among the results obtained, we highlight the concentrations of 100g.L-1 for the extracts of Piper aduncum L. with significant effect on the control of Botrytis cinerea fungi with significant decrease of the presence and infestation in plants as in fruits

This work verified the compatibility between commercial tomato cultivars and Yoshimatsu by means of grafting. Approach grafting underwent five treatments (‘Santa Cruz’, ‘Santa Cruz Kada Gigante’, ‘Santa Cruz Kada Paulista’, ‘Santa Clara 5800’ and ‘Gaúcho Melhorado’ scions) plus four repetitions. Full cleft grafting underwent four treatments (‘Santa Cruz’, ‘Santa Cruz Kada Gigante’, ‘Santa Cruz Kada Paulista’ and ‘Santa Clara 5800’) plus five repetitions. Yoshimatsu cultivar stood as under stock. Commercial cultivars showed compatibility, with greater affinity between under stock and ‘Santa Clara 5800’ and ‘Santa Cruz Kada Paulista’ scions, especially upon full cleft grafting (nearly 90% attachment rate)

the family farmers in a traditional way, with the fruit in contact with the soil, which induces the commercial depreciation of the fruits and the frequent occurrence of diseases. Several techniques have been implemented for the cultivation of fruit vegetables, being the tutoring one of the most used, for promoting the increase of productivity and to improve the quality of the fruits. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of three cultivars of gherkin (North, Northeastern and INPA) in three (undergrowth, in vertical stake and espalier) in the dry and rainy season in Amazonas. Parameters related to weight, length, diameter and number of fruits were evaluated, and productivity was estimated. However, the best quality of the fruits was obtained in the cultivation with espalier. Among the cultivars, INPA presented the best performance. The period of drought was the one that favored the production and quality of the fruits of maxixe, which is recommended for the planting of this crop in the state of Amazonas

Potato genotypes were evaluated under organic cultivation in Central-West Brazil. Seven potato genotypes were evaluated during three crop seasons, 2016, 2017 and 2018 in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Productivity (total and marketable and number of marketable tubers) and quality traits (average mass of marketable tubers and specific gravity) were assessed. IPR Cris and BRSIPR Bel stood out for total productivity along the three crop seasons. BRSIPR Bel followed by BRS Ana had the highest specific gravity, whereas IPR Cris and BRS F63 had intermediate values. IPR Cris and BRSIPR Bel can be recommended for cultivation under such conditions

This study aims to evaluate the performance of the laser sensor, Model LMS 111, in the extraction of features related to the canopy of woody plants. To validate the proposal, an adult coffee plant was placed in controlled conditions. For leaf volume reconstruction technique the LMS 111 was mounted on a mobile platform controlled at 1, 3 and 6 km/h. In such case, the time required to determine the volume of a plant from the cloud point was lower than the time required to leave the end of one plant and to start capturing information from the next one

The objective was to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility and nitrogen balance in dairy goats fed diets containing extruded food-based castor meal (EFCM) in dairy goats. The non-fibrous carbohydrate intake (g / d) was affected (P <0.05), presenting a positive linear relashionship with inclusion level of EFCM. The was no influence of treatment on the DMD, OMD, CPD, NDFD DEE and nutrients, causing linear effect (P <0.05). As well as in DCNF that showed a quadratic effect (P <0.05). It was observed that the values found for fecal nitrogen, were affected (P <0.05). The results indicate that the EFCM despite causing a reduction in digestibility of nutrients, can be used in replacement of soybean meal in diets of dairy goats without reductions in nutrient intake, and without providing any damage to animal health